Wednesday, December 29, 2021

Thuɔŋjäŋ (Dinka) Perfect verb tense is used to show an action that is complete and finished, and this tense is expressed by adding one of the auxiliary verbs — aacï/cï/cïk = have, acï = has, or cï/aacï/acï = had to the past participle form of the main verb.

1. Ɣɔn ye cï ɣɔk raak, go lɔ baai le rääk= and when he had milked the cows, he went home to initiated (Past perfect tense).
2. Röth thii eke cï rääk = the young men had been initiated. (Past perfect tense).
3. Kɔc eke cï rääk = the people had been initiated (past perfect tense).
4. Gokï cuɔ̈k le rääk = But they would not initiate (past perfect tense).
5. Röth thii aake cï keek rääk në pɛ̈i kee diäk = The young men have been initiating for three months (present perfect progressive)
6. Diäär aacï mïïthken juiir = the women have prepared their dinner (Present perfect tense).
7. Yen acï miɛ̈thde juiir = She has prepared her dinner (Present perfect tense).
8. Keek ee të cïk juiir thɛɛr = they would have prepared long ago (Present perfect tense).
9. Wën ye cï cuïn thaal, go töny puɔth = and when she had cooked food, she dropped the pot (Past perfect tense).
10. Na ye cï ye lööm, go miɛ̈th thaal= and when she had taken it, she cooked the dinner. (Past perfect tense).