Present Simple

Indicates an action that is generally true or habitual. That is, it took place in the past, continue to take place in the present, and will take place in the future. This tense is used to denote

1.   Ɣɛn ye tïit= I wait

2.   Yïn ye tïït = You wait (singular)

3.   Wɔ ye tïit =We wait

4.   We ye tïit =You wait (singular)

5.   Keek aaye tïit = They wait

6.   Yen e tïit = He waits

7.   Yen e tïit = She waits

Present Continuous Tense-

The form of Present Continuous Tense is- is/am/are + verb + ing

For example, present continuous

1.   Ɣɛn tït = I am waiting.

2.   Yïn tït = You are waiting (singular).

3.   Wɔ tït = we are waiting.

4.   We tït = you are waiting (plural).

5.   Keek aa tït = They are waiting.

6.   Yen a tït = He is waiting.

7.   Yen a tït = She is waiting.

Present perfect

1.   Ɣɛn cï tïït = I have waited

2.   Yïn cï tïït = you have waited (singular).

3.   Wɔ cï tïït = We have waited

4.   We cï tïït = you have waited (singular).

5.   Keek aacï tïït = they have waited.

6.   Yen acï tïït = He has waited.

7.   Yen acï tïït = She has waited.

 

 

Wël jöt ke Baibolic = New vocabulary from the Bible.

1. Muɔ̈kwei =Abstain.
2. Luŋëyɔu= breastplate
3.Aräm = favored one
4. Korekoot = fat calves
5.Yɔŋ = mistreated
6. Nyii de lec = gnashing of teeth
7. Ya = being
8. Cï man cen = as he
9. Pïŋ = listening
10. Piŋ = listened
11. Piŋ = listen

Past perfect tense
1. Ɣɛn eke cï yɔŋ = I had been mistreated.
2. Yïn eke cï yɔŋ = you had been mistreated.
3. Wɔ eke cï yɔŋ = we had been mistreated.
4. We eke cï yɔŋ = You had been mistreated
5. Keek aake cï yɔŋ = they had been mistreated.
6. Yen eke cï yɔŋ = He had been mistreated.
7. Yen eke cï yɔŋ = She had been mistreated.

 Dinka Present Perfect Tense

In Dinka present perfect tense indicates an action that has been completed sometime before the present moment, with a result that affects the present situation.

Note

the form of Present Perfect Tense is-acï/cï  =has/have + luɔi=verb (past participle form or 3rd form of the verb)

For example,

1.Ɣɛn cï thökë luɔɔi = I have finished the work.

2. Wɔ cï thökë luɔɔi = we have finished the work.

3.Yïn cï thökë luɔɔi = you have finished the work (singular).

4. We cï thökë luɔɔi =you have finished the work (plural).

5. Keek aacï thökë luɔɔi = they have finished the work.

6. Yen acï thökë luɔɔi = He has finished the work.

7. Yen acï thökë luɔɔi = She has finished the work.

8. Ɣɛn cï niin = I have slept.

9. Wɔ cï niin = we have slept.

10. Yïn cï niin = you have slept (singular).

11.  We cï niin = you have slept (plural).

12.  Keek aa cï niin = He has slept.

13.  Yen acï niin = He has slept.

14.  Yen acï niin = She has slept.

15. Ɣɛn cï cath = I have walked.

16. Wɔ cï cath = we have walked.

17. Yïn cï cath = you have walked (singular).

18.  We cï cath = you have walked (plural).

19. Keek aacï cath = they have walked.

20. Yen acï cath = He has walked.

21. Yen acï cath = She has walked.

22. Ɣɛn cï kuɛ̈n = I have read.

23.  Wɔ cï kuën = we have read.

24. Yïn cï kuën = you have read (singular).

25. We cï kuën = you have read (plural).

26.  Keek aacï kuën = they have read.

27.  Yen acï kuën = He has read

28.  Yen acï kuën = She has read

29.  Ɣɛn cï kuën (piöc) = I have studied.

30.   Wɔ cï kuën (piöc) = we have studied.

31.   Yïn cï kuën (piöc) = you have studied (singular).

32. We cï kuën (piöc) = you have studied (plural).

33.  Keek aacï kuën (piöc) =they have studied.

34. Yen acï kuën (piöc) = He has studied.

35.Yen acï kuën (piöc) = She has studied.