To write a perfect sentence using present perfect tense,

One must use: 'have' / 'has' + the past participle
1. Ɣɛn cï Awalwalla thaal = I have cooked Awalwalla.
2. Abuk acï Awalwalla thaal = Abuk has cooked Awalwalla.
3. Keek aacï Awalwalla thaal = they have cooked Awalwalla.
4. Ɣɛn cï cam në Awalwalla = I have eaten Awalwalla.
5. Deng acï cuïn cam ëbɛ̈n= Deng has eaten all food.
6. Athiɛ̈ɛ̈ŋ acï cäi dac cäu = Athieng has prepared quickly tea.
7. Athiɛ̈ɛ̈ŋ acï alöth thaal = Athieng has cooked sweet potatoes.
8. Athiɛ̈ɛ̈ŋ acï anyol thaal = Athieng has cooked the corns.
9. Ɣɛn cï cath = I have walked.
10. Yen acï cath = He has walked
11. Yen acï cath = She has walked.
12. Yïn cï cath = You have walked (singular).
13. We cï cath = You have walked (plural).
14. Wɔ cï cath = We have walked.
15. Keek aacï cath = They have walked.
16. Ɣɛn cï cuiɛɛi cam = I have eaten the tamarind.
17. Yïn cï cuiɛɛi cam = You have eaten the tamarind.
18. Yen acï cuiɛɛi cam = He has eaten the tamarind.
19. Wɔ cï cuiɛɛi cam = We have eaten the tamarind.
20. Dhuk acï cuiɛɛi cam = The boy has eaten the tamarind.

Teach yourself with useful phrases and sentences in Dinka language. By Jiɛ̈ŋ Institute of Education
1. Yïn ca leec arëëtic = Thank you very much/ I have thanked you very much.
2. Yïn ca leec në kë cïn ɣɛn kony = Thank you for helping me/I have thanked you for helping me.
3. Kɔc aa waak wɛ̈ric= people are taking shower in the river.
4. Kɔc aa cath dhölic = people are walking on the way.
5. Köör acop lɛ̈i rokic = the lion is chasing animal in the jungle.
6. Deng acï kɔrkɔryiin teem = Deng has crossed the stream.
7. Kony rɔtdu = Help yourself
8. Anɔŋ kuɛl juïc tɔ̈ nhial = There are many stars in the sky.
9. Meth aceŋ guët në yeyeth = the child is wearing the bead or necklace on his neck.
10. Gäärë kee wëlpiɛthkɛ̈ piny = write down these Gospels.
11. Goŋ ku Awan aacï lɔ paan nyaŋ = Hedgehog and fox they have gone to Nyang’s home.
12. Ɣɛn cï yal= Iam thirsty.
13. Ɣöt atɔ̈ në kuur nhom = the house is on the mountain top.
14. Ɣɔn ye ɣɛɛn meth, ɣɛn ee nhiar ca = when I was a child I loved milk.
15. Meth aɣaal= the child is coughing.
16. Ɣɛn ɣoi diɛt nhial = Iam watching birds in the sky.
17. Mama acï rïŋ ɣɔɔc = my mom has bought a meat.
18. Cuïn ee tua (tuak) = the food is cooked.
19. Mama acï cuïn wäu thaal = Mom has cooked a delicious food.
20.Abuk wak aläth, aacï cuɔl= Abuk wash clothes, they are dirty.
21. Ɣɛn cï cɔk= Iam hungry.
22. Raan acï jö lɔ caath= the man has taken a dog for a walk.
23. Wɔ kɔr buk cam aköu = we want to eat akou.
24. Gɛ̈rɛ̈ŋ amuk cuɔɔra = Garang is holding a camera.
25. Deŋ ku Malual aa jam = Deng and Malual are talking.
26. Manut anɔŋ jö baai = Manut has a dog at home.
27. Lëk de run jöt = the New Year testimony.
28. Akutnhom cï juiir e kɔc laar tueŋ= an organized committee moved people forward.

The daily useful short sentences for you to learn Dinka language. By Jiɛ̈ŋ Institute of Education

1.    Dom ayee puur në rap. = You cultivate the farm with grains. 

2.    Dom aye puur në rap. = He cultivates the farm with grains. 

3.    Deŋ atueny roor = the rain is raining in the jungle.

4.    Dhuk ayup bul = the boy is beating a drum.

5.    Dhuk abë bul yup = the boy will beat the drum.

6.    Dhuk abï bul yup = the boy will be beating the drum.

7.    Dhuk acï bul yup. The boy has beaten a drum.

8.    Dhuk e bul yup = the boy beat a drum.

9.    Dhuk amuk ajïu =the boy is carrying a gourd.

10.  Dhuk abë ajïu muk = the boy will carry the gourd.

11.  Dhuk acïï bul yup. =the boy is not beating a drum.

12.   Dhuk acïï bul bë yup = the boy will not be beat the drum.

13.  Toŋ aa tuak = the eggs are cooking

14.  Toŋ aacï tuak = the eggs have cooked.

15.  Toŋ aake go tuak= the eggs had been cooked.

16.  Toŋ aabë tuak = the eggs will cook.

17.  Toŋ aakën tuak = the eggs have not cooked.

18.  Toŋ aacïï tuak = the eggs are not cooking.

19.  Toŋ aacïï bë tuak = the eggs will not be cooking.

20.  Toŋ aacïï bë kan tuak = the eggs will never cook.

21.  Toŋ aabï tuak = the eggs will cook.

22.  Ca aduɔ̈k thöl në wëcic? = Have you finished cleaning the bowl?

23.  Bol anyic gut në thom = Bol is good at playing guitar.

24.  Thiäŋ elɔ tooc = the antelope went to swamp( toch)

25.  Thiäŋ acï lɔ tooc = the antelope has gone to swamp( toch)

26.  Mïthpiööcëke aalɔ në thukulic = student are going to school.

27.  Lueth arac = the lie is bad.

28.  Buɔɔth aa atɔ̈ luak = goats are in the byer.

29.  Laarë ca baai = take the milk home.

30.  Liep ɣöt thok yïn liɛm! = Open the house door please!

31.  Thiɛ̈k/thiɔ̈k awëër yïn liɛm! = Close the window please!

The daily useful short sentences for you to learn Dinka language. By Jiɛ̈ŋ Institute of Education1. Abuk yïn cɔɔl baba = Abuk daddy is calling you.
2. Miir ee län bäär në läi yic Kedhiɛ= giraffe is a tallest animal among all the animals.
3. Miäk në gɛ̈ɛ̈ŋakɔ̈l, ke dhuk abë bul yup = tomorrow in the afternoon, the boy will beat the drum.
4. Wɔ kɔr buk ruëthë caa = we want to drink some milk.
5. Piath ku rɛ̈ɛ̈c aamɛ̈ɛ̈n =righteous and evil are competing.
6. Piööcku röth në thoŋda = let’s learn our language.
7. We ca keek loor në miɛtë piɔ̈u në yeköölë = I have welcomed you with joyful today.
8. Wɔ ye piööny në diɛt ke duɔ̈ɔ̈r = we praised with Hymnal songs.
9. Wɔ tɔ̈ në pɛɛi de diäk yic = we are in a month of March.
10. Jɔt rɔt ku piɔny Bɛ̈nydït! =get up and praise the Lord!
11. Meth acam cuïn= the child is eating food.
12. Meth acï cuïn cam =  the child has eaten food.
13. Meth acïï cuïn cam =  the  child is not eating food.
14. Meth aceŋ gaar = the child is wearing the shell.
15. Dunnë lɔ biyic në muɔ̈ɔ̈th yic=don’t go outside in the darkness.
16. Miɔc kɔc në pïu! = give people some water!
17. Miir ee län roor = giraffe is a wild animal.
18. Ɣɛn nuan arëët = I am very busy.
19. Ɣöt acï yïk në noon = the house has built with grass.
20. Raan thii aceŋ nɔk = the young man is wearing a feather.
21. Diɛt aa nyool nak piny = the birds are plucking feathers on the floor.
22. Abuk acï ca nöök = Abuk has hung the milk.
23. Meth anok = the child is drowsing.
24. Meth acï nok = the child has drowsed.
25. Yen acï gɔɔc në kë nok en piiny= he was beginning to drowse on the floor.
26. Piööl atɔ̈ nhial = cloud is in the sky.
27. Ɣɛn rem nhiaal = I have a knee pain.
28. Nhiɛ̈ɛ̈r ee kë de raan ëbɛ̈n = love is for everyone.
29. Bol anɔŋ nhom nhiɛ̈m ɣer = Bol head has a white hair.
30. Gɔ̈c ëgɔɔcë käŋ ëciɛkë Nhialic nhial ku piny = in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
31. Ŋeth anɔŋic mac = the ash has a fire.
32. Meth acï wun Ŋal bë yiɛ̈n miɔɔr= the child begged his father to him bull.
33. Ŋet ee luɔɔi rac arëëtic = persecution is very a bad practice.
34. Ŋëm agencol! = Look at the blackboard!
35. Ŋëm ɣa! = Look at me!
36. Abrähäm ee ye ŋɔ̈th ɣɔn në gäm =Abraham believed in hope then.
37. Kuac ee län ŋɛɛny arëëtic = cheetah iɛ a very brave animal
38. Yen acï ŋuɔt ke jam = He continued talking.
39. Miir ee tiim nyuɔ̈ɔ̈th. = Giraffe grazes on trees.
40. Nyïc ee kë piɛth lɔwai = knowledge is very important.
41. Nya adiɛ̈r = the girl is dancing.
42. Raau akul domic = the sorghum is geminating
43. Raau acï kul domic = the sorghum has geminated
44. Raau akën kul domic = the sorghum in not geminate.
45. Raau acïï bë kul domic = the sorghum will not be geminate.
46. Rap aakul domic = the sorghums are geminating.
47. Akɔ̈ɔ̈n atɔ̈ ruup = the elephant is in the jungle.
48. Bol acï ɣönde yïk roor = Bol has built his house in the jungle.
49. Rap aacï kul domic = the sorghums have geminate.
50. Dom aya puur në rap. = I cultivate the farm with grains.

Useful short sentences for kids to learn Dinka (Thuɔŋjäŋ) by Jiɛ̈ŋ Institute of Education

1. Awalwalla ee miɛ̈th tuc (lëth) arëët = Awalwalla is a very hot food.
2. Awalwalla ee miɛ̈th mit arëët = Awalwalla is a very delicious food.
3. Ayɔɔk acï kuac moi = porcupine has stung the cheetah.
4. Aköu ee miɛ̈th mit = Aköu is a delicious food.
5. Aköu ee miɛ̈th mit arëëtic = Aköu is a very delicious food.
6. Mama acï Alöth thaal = Mom has cooked sweet potatoes.
7. Abuk acï cäi cäu = Abuk has prepared tea.
8. Awan acam Anyol dom anyol =the fox is eating corns in a cornfield.
9. Dit acam anyol dom ë Deŋ = the bird is eating corns in Deng’s cornfield.
10. Anyol aabë kul dom ë Deŋ = corns are going to germinate in Deng's cornfield.
11. Anyuɔɔl akën kul dom ë Deŋ = corn is not germinate in Deng's farm.
12. Yïn ca leec. = I thank you/thank you.
13. Ee yic, ku yïn lim = it’s true, and I ask you.
14. Eeyabï athiɛɛi ya tɔ̈ kennë week = blessed be with you.
15. Acïn jöŋ tɔ̈ eenë = there’s no dog here.
16. Eeloi duɔ̈nnë ber miɔɔcic =it’s enough don’t put more.
17. Itaŋ ee paan thiin koor tɔ̈ në Gambela Ethiopia = Itang is a small town in Gambela Ethiopia.
18. Kuur Imatɔŋ atɔ̈ paan de Thouth Thudän = Mountain Imatong is located in south Sudan.
19. Apäm ë tim ee magök = the leaf of a tree is green.
20. Malual atit cuïn = Malual is waiting for food.
21. Mïth aaye keek cïï bë ya jam kennë alɛi = Children are taught not to talk to strangers.
22. Tiim cï riɛɛr aa yennëke thɛ̈t = dried wood are use for cooking.
23. Aluɛɛl acï ajïu nöök në Oorooi nïïm/nhïïm = Alueel has hang a gourd over the poles.
24. Tim kënnë ee oro = this wood is a pole.
25. Kän magöŋ tï ee noon = that green thing is a grass.
26. Ɣɔ̈k aanyuɛ̈th roor = cattle are grazing in the jungle.
27. Kuur de anyanya tueŋ (I) abäär arëët = the anyanya one (I) mountain is very tall.
28. Buɔɔth aabɔ̈ bei roor/rokic = goats are combing out of the jungle.
29. Meth aceŋ Luuŋ në ye nuk = a child is wearing silver on his ankle.
30. Manut anyic rɔ̈ɔ̈k ë ɣɔ̈k = Manut is good at milking the cows.
31. Ubaŋ ku Ujulu aaye rin ke Anyuaak = Ubang and Ujulu are Anyuak s’ names.
32. Wɔ lɔ në thukuulic= we are going to school.
33. Ŋëm dhuŋ tï adït wum =look that boy has a big nose.
34. Meth acï ye wum weec = the child clean his nose.
35. Ɣɔ̈k aatɔ̈ wut = cows are in a cattle camp.
36. Woŋ acam rap= the cow is eatig sorghums.
37. Awalwalla ee cuïn wäu = Awalwalla is a delicious food.
38. Wut (wur) ee din mor arëët në Pinynhom = the ostrich is the fastest bird in the world.
39. Wuɔɔk kɔr buk ruëth ë caa = we want to drink milk.
40. Yom aput në ye köölë = the wind is blowing today.
41. Abuk, duɔ̈nnë töny cɔk yuɔm = Abuk don’t let the pot (food) burning.
42. Pɛɛi e yuil naatök në pɛɛi yic = New moon appear once a moth.
43. Ŋëm Jö, amuk yuɔɔm de lɛ̈i = look at the doŋ is carrying the animal’s bone.
44. Tik ayïk ɣöt =A woman is building the house.
45. Deŋ anyieer = the rain is precipitating or showering.
46. Malual ee bɛ̈ny = Malual is a leader.
47. Malual anɔŋ bääny piɛth =Malual has a good leadership.
48. Biäk ke jam ke bɛ̈t(bɛ̈r) = the eight parts of speech
49. Bär tɛ̈n = come here.
50. Ɣɛn kɔr ba cam cuïn = I want to eat food.

Dinka(Thoŋ Jiɛ̈ŋ) simple tense is a tense that one independent clause has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought.

A simple sentence must:
1. Only have one clause.
2. Have a subject and a verb.
3. Express a complete thought

1. Simple Present Tense
This tense form is used for actions in general statement.
1. Ɣɛn nɔŋ = I have
2. Yïn nɔŋ= You have
3. Wɔ nɔŋ= We have
4. Keek aanɔŋ= They have
5. Yen anɔŋ = He has
6. Yen anɔŋ = She has
7. Yen anɔŋ = It has

Simple Present tense examples
1. Ɣɛn nɔŋ aɣarnhom = I have a headache.
2. Yïn nɔŋ aɣarnhom = you have a headache.
3. Wɔ nɔŋ aɣarnhom = we have a headache.
4. Keek aanɔŋ aɣarnhom = they have a headache.
5. Yen anɔŋ aɣarnhom = He has a headache.
6. Yen anɔŋ aɣarnhom = She has a headache.
7. Yen anɔŋ aɣarnhom = It has a headache.

HELPING VERBS are words like cï, bï, cë, bë, cïï, and bïï. They are like helping verbs in English like ‘have’ and ‘will’.

Here are examples of helping verbs in Thuongjang:

1. Dhuk acï woŋ raak. =The boy has milked the cow.
2. Woŋ acïi dhuk raak = the cow was milked by the boy.
3. Dhuk abë woŋ raak. =The boy will milk the cow.
4. Woŋ abïï dhuk raak = the cow will be milk by the boy.
5. Nya abë cuïn thaal. = The girl will cook the food
6. Cuïn abïï nya thaal. = The food will be cook by the girl.

Simple tenses
1. Dom aya puur në rap. = I cultivate the farm with grains.
2. Dom aye puur në rap. = You cultivate the farm with grains.
3. Dom ayee puur në rap. = He/She cultivates the farm with grains.
4. Dom ayïkɛ̈ puur në rap. =They cultivate the farm with grains.
5. Dom ayakɛ̈ puur në rap. =You cultivate the farm with grains.
6. Dom ayuku puur në rap. =We cultivate the farm with grains.

Past tense
1. Dom aca puur në rap. =I have cultivated the farm with sorghums.
2. Dom aca puur në rap. =You have cultivated the farm with sorghums.
3. Dom aba puur në rap. =I will cultivate the farm with sorghums.
4. Dom aba puur në rap. =You will cultivate the farm with sorghums.
5. Dom abäk puur në rap. =You will cultivate the farm with sorghums.
6. Dom abuku puur në rap. =We will cultivate the farm with sorghums.

Past negative forms (meaning ‘did not’) (kɛ̈n, kën, kënnë.
Here are examples of the forms.

Woŋ akɛ̈n miit = I did not pull the cow.
Ɣɛn kën woŋ miit = I didt not pulled the cow.
Woŋ akɛ̈nnë miit = you (singular) did not pull the cow.
Yïn kën woŋ miit = you did not pull the cow.
Woŋ akën miit = He did not pull the cow.
Yen akën woŋ miit =He did not pull the cow.
Woŋ akënku miit = we did not pull the cow.
Wuɔ kën weŋ miit = we did not pull the cow.
Woŋ akɛ̈nkɛ̈ miit = you (plural) did not pull the cow.
We kën woŋ miit = you (plural) did not pull the cow.
Woŋ akën (akënkkɛ̈) miit = they did not pull the cow.
Weŋ akënnë miit = the cow was not pulled.
Dom akënnë puur = the farm was not cultivated.